CI/CD Best Practices

Key Features/Components

Automated scaling capabilities
Advanced monitoring tools
High availability configurations
Integration with popular CI/CD tools
Secure deployment options

Step-by-step instructions or configuration details

Setting up a CI/CD pipeline in HKE
- Configure your CI/CD tool (e.g., Jenkins, GitLab CI) to interact with HKE API.
- Define deployment manifests and automation scripts for Kubernetes resources.
- Use Kubernetes Secrets for sensitive data and credentials.

Best practices and recommendations

Implement GitOps practices for declarative infrastructure management.
Utilize Kubernetes Horizontal Pod Autoscaler for efficient resource utilization.
Regularly monitor and optimize CI/CD pipelines for performance.
Implement RBAC (Role-Based Access Control) for fine-grained access control.

Kubernetes Horizontal Pod Autoscaler:

apiVersion: autoscaling/v2beta2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: myapp-autoscaler
spec:
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: myapp
  minReplicas: 2
  maxReplicas: 10
  metrics:
    - type: Resource
      resource:
        name: cpu
        targetAverageUtilization: 80

Common pitfalls and solutions

Pitfall: Inadequate resource allocation leading to performance issues.
- Solution: Monitor resource usage and adjust resource requests/limits accordingly.

This documentation provides guidelines to enhance CI/CD practices within HostSpace Kubernetes Engine, catering to DevOps engineers and platform administrators.

Best Practices

- **Implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)**
  RBAC ensures that only authorized users have access to resources, enhancing security.

- **Enable Network Policies**
  Network policies help secure communication between pods, adding an extra layer of security.

- **Implement Pod Security Policies (PSP)**
  PSPs define the conditions pods must meet to run, increasing security by restricting pod capabilities.

- **Use Horizontal Pod Autoscaling (HPA)**
  HPA automatically adjusts the number of pods in a deployment based on resource usage, improving scalability.

- **Implement Cluster Autoscaler**
  Cluster Autoscaler automatically adjusts the size of the cluster based on resource demand, enhancing scalability.

- **Set up Monitoring and Alerting**
  Use tools like Prometheus and Grafana to monitor cluster health and set up alerts for critical events, ensuring reliability.

- **Implement CI/CD Pipelines**
  Automate deployment processes with CI/CD pipelines to ensure consistency and reliability of deployments.

- **Regularly Update Kubernetes Versions**
  Stay up to date with the latest Kubernetes versions to benefit from security patches, bug fixes, and new features.

- **Perform Regular Backups**
  Back up critical data and configurations regularly to prevent data loss and ensure reliability.

- **Implement Rolling Updates**
  Use rolling updates for deployments to update applications without downtime, ensuring reliability and availability.

Quick Tips

Always use Kubernetes namespaces to logically isolate your resources:
Terminal window
```
kubectl create namespace <namespace_name>
```
Leverage resource requests and limits to manage resource allocation effectively:
Terminal window
```
kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
```
Regularly monitor cluster health and resource utilization:
Terminal window
```
kubectl top nodes
kubectl top pods
```

Implement readiness and liveness probes in your deployments to enhance application reliability:

readinessProbe:
  httpGet:
    path: /healthz
    port: 8080
  initialDelaySeconds: 5
  periodSeconds: 10

Use labels and selectors consistently for organizing and querying resources:
Terminal window
```
kubectl label pods <pod_name> app=<app_name>
kubectl get pods -l app=<app_name>
```
Regularly update and patch your Kubernetes clusters for security and performance improvements:
Terminal window
```
gcloud container clusters upgrade <cluster_name> --zone=<zone>
```
Implement horizontal pod autoscaling based on metrics to automatically adjust the number of pods:
Terminal window
```
kubectl autoscale deployment <deployment_name> --min=2 --max=5 --cpu-percent=80
```

Secure your Kubernetes cluster by following security best practices, such as RBAC and network policies:

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-role-binding
  namespace: default
subjects:
- kind: User
  name: admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io